But undoubtedly the most famous portrait of this genre is the Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci. In Italy, we can mention the two paintings by Piero della Francesca, a great Florentine painter of the Renaissance. Jan van Eyck's painting The Arnolfini Portrait (1434) marked a turning point between the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, demonstrating that realism and the use of perspective were becoming decisive in art. It was during this period that remarkable paintings appeared and became cult classics in the history of art. The art of portraiture is still a fundamental genre of painting today and many contemporary artists practice portrait painting.ĭuring the Renaissance, portrait painting became an important genre. The twentieth century continued this trend and brought newness to the genre according to the different schools and styles in painting. The people became more important in civilian life and ordinary people could be reproduced in paintings. It was in the 19th century that portrait paintings took on a new lease of life and vigor, although the arrival of photography was a serious competitor to this genre. Many great painters abandoned it for more glorious and better considered representations. But in the 17th century, in the classical period, it was designated as inferior to history painting, the genre par excellence, which represented great political or religious subjects. The portrait has been in fashion for a long time. We can understand how important this pictorial theme was in societies where photography did not yet exist. Portraits in painting follow the developments in Italy and Flanders, where painting becomes more and more realistic and where the art of perspective is imposed. Resemblance and realism became necessary for the realization of a good painting. It was during the Renaissance that the portrait gained in importance. The concern for realism was not very important at the time, on the contrary, symbols and pious and religious figurations were favored rather than a real likeness. For a long time, this genre was at the service of religion. In the Middle Ages, in the same way, portraits were reserved for the elite who portrayed themselves with sacred figures. From the beginning, it was a way to represent the divine and the most influential people of a time. The portrait was a very popular genre in Greek, Roman and Egyptian times. The history of portrait painting begins in antiquity and would be at the origin of the plastic arts.
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